Capital gains taxation represents a fundamental pillar of the Indian direct tax framework, reflecting both the government’s approach to revenue generation and its policy on wealth redistribution and investment incentives. Under the Income Tax Act, 1961, capital gains are defined as the profits or gains arising from the transfer of a capital asset.
6.1 AUTHORITIES ENFORCING THE COMPETITION ACT 2002 Â The Competition Commission was established for the Act called the Competition Commission
 5.1 DEFINITION OF COMBINATIONS Combination under the Competition Act means acquisition of control, shares, voting rights or assets,
4.1 WHAT IS DOMINANCE AND ITS ABUSE? Explanation of Section 4 of the Competition Act, 2002 defines dominant position as
) No enterprise or association of enterprises or person or association of persons shall enter into any agreement in respect of production, supply, distribution, storage, acquisition or control of goods or provision of services which causes or is likely to cause an appreciable adverse effect on competition within India.
2.1 COMPETITION ACT, 2002 The Statement of the objects of the Competition Act states the reason for enacting the
1.1 MARKET ECONOMY A market economy is an economic system in which individuals own most of the resources –
 Indian judiciary holds a pivotal function in moulding the constitutional and legal landscape of the country. It performs the function of custodian of the Constitution, which means it assures that the actions of the legislature and the executive are in tune with the principles laid down by the Constitution itself
The Ninth Schedule of the Indian Constitution is an exceptional and controversial legal instrument that grants specific laws immunity from judicial scrutiny. This was introduced through the First Amendment in 1951 to protect progressive socio-economic legislation or agrarian reform laws from being challenged as violations of fundamental rights.
Articles 19 to 22 of the Indian Constitution deal with the basic inherent right of personal liberty of the Indian citizens. Article 19(1) provides the great and basic rights which are the natural rights of citizens, but these rights are not absolute rights, they are liable to be curtailed by laws made by the state, to the extent mentioned in Clauses (2) to (6) of Article 19 under the grounds specified therein.Â
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